In the summer of 1909, in the beautiful Bavarian town of
Murnau, nestled in the Alps, the 20
th century art movement,
The Blue Rider (The Blaue Reiter) had its genesis. That was the summer that artists
Gabriele Munter (1877-1962) and
Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) found a charming house on the hill overlooking Murnau, with stunning views of the Alps. The colorful village houses, intense light, local folk art, along with images of St. George slaying the dragon, would inspire the ground breaking works of the artists of the Blue Rider movement. Kandinsky, Munter,
Franz Marc,
August Mackeand
Alexi von Jawlensky, painted together in this picturesque town, and influenced each other’s work.
Munter House in Murnau. Photo by Marie Dauenheimer
Kandinsky, Munter and their friends gathered at the “Russian House”, as the locals called it, to paint
en plein air.
Influenced by local folk art
(paintings on small glass panels, with a bright palette and heavy dark lines) their work became more expressive, with an abstract quality.
After disassociating themselves from the
Neue Künstlervereinigung München art movement,
Kandinsky and Marc decided to start their own group, and write an almanac of their artistic philosophy.
Kandinsky took inspiration in his favorite images of St. George slaying the dragon, while Marc drew from his love of painting animals, combined the Blue Rider was born.
The first almanac featured a cover image of an abstracted horse and rider.
The Blue Rider Almanac cover by Wassily Kandinsky, 1911
The Blue Rider movement lasted from 1911-1914, and its artists shared a similar approach and sensibility to painting.
Their use of expressive, symbolic color, dramatic brushwork,
and spiritual themes dominated their paintings.
Yellow Cow by Franz Marc, 1911
Kandinksy and Munter lived in the “Russian House” from 1909-1914, when the onset of WWI forced Kandinsky and von Jawlensky to return to their native land of Russia.
Tragically, both Franz Marc and Auguste Macke were killed in battle.
Village Street in Murnau by Wassily Kandinsky, 1908
Gabrielle Munter lived in this beautiful house in Murnau until her death in 1962.
Staircase in Munter House painted by Wassily Kandinsky, 1901. Photo by Marie Dauenheimer
The Munter House is now a museum open to the public. I had the pleasure of visiting this historic home while recently traveling through Upper Bavaria. While none of Kandinsky’s paintings are on view, there are some of Munter’s works, along with hand painted furniture made by the couple, and local folk art, which inspired the Blue Rider artists. The presence of Kandinsky and Munter is felt in this house, their palettes are displayed side by side near a window overlooking one of the beautiful views that inspired them.
Wassily Kandinsky and Gabrielle Munter's palettes, Munter House, photo by Marie Dauenheimer
An hour away in Munich the largest collection of Kandinsky’s work can be viewed at the
Lenbachaus Museum.
In 1962 Gabriele Munter donated a vast collection of over
1,000 paintings, drawings and prints, all created by the Blue Rider artists.
View of Murnau from the Munter House. Photo by Marie Dauenheimer
For more information on the Munter House I recommend the book
The Munter House in Murnau by Matthias Muhling and Isabelle Jansen.
There is also a wonderful chapter about the Munter House in the book
Artists’ Houses by Gerard-Georges Lemaire.
Dandelions by Gabrielle Munter
For more information on visiting the Munter House visit their website:
http://www.muenter-stiftung.de/en/the-munter-house/
Megan Kern for Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Gallery
